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天天观点:英语时态的构成

2023-03-18 10:50:37 | 来源:教育在线


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时态是表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态,需要用不同的动词形式表示。下面小编收集整理的英语时态的构成,大家一起来看看吧!英语时态的构成:1、现在进行时表示正在做的事情或正在进行的动作。构成:主语+be动词+动词的的ing形式,句中常出现的词有:now(现在),look(看),listen(听),动词的ing形式有三种:(1)直接加ing;(2)去e加ing;(3)双写加ing。2一般现在时表示经常做的事情或发生的动作。构成:主语+动词原形,当主语是第三人称单数he/she/it或单独的一个人时,动词用“三单”(动词加s/es等)。句中常出现的词有:often(经常),usually(常常),sometimes(有时),always(总是、一直),every day/week/year/Monday(每天/周/年/周一)。3、一般过去时表示在过去的某一个时间内所做的事情或发生的动作。构成:主语+动词的过去式,句中常出现的词有:just now(刚刚),a moment ago (刚才),yesterday/moning/afternoon/evening(昨天/早上/下午/晚上),last week/weekend/Sunday(上周/周末/周日),last night(昨晚),lsatyear(去年),last Children’s Day(去年的儿童节)等。动词的过去式有两种:(1)规则的,在动词末尾加ed/d;(2)不规则的要背,如:am/is(was),,are(were),,do/does(did),have/has(had),go(went),come(came),run(ran),get(got),fly(flew),take(took),eat(ate) ,tell(told, say(said, draw(ddrew) ,,drink(drank), ,catch(caught),steal(stole)。4、一般将来时表示在将来的某一个时间内所做的事情或发生的动作 。构成:主语+be going to +动词原形 , 或主语+will+动词原形,句中常出现的词有:tomorrow/morning/afternoon/evening(明天/早上/下午/晚上)next week/weekend/Sunday/year/Children’s Day(下周/周末/周六/明年/明年的儿童节)现在完成时:1. 构成have / has +动词的过去分词2. 基本用法(1)表示一个过去发生或已完成的动作对现在影响或结果,强调的是现在的状况(表示“已完成”)。如:I"ve had two letters from him. 我已收到他的两封信。He has left the city. 他已离开这个城市。Someone has broken the window. 有人把窗户打破了。I have seen you before, but I can"t remember where. 我以前见过你,但是不记得在哪里了。Have you finished your homework? 你做完作业了吗?(2) 表示的动作开始于过去,持续到现在,也可能还会持续下去(表示“未完成”)。如:Since then, he has developed another bad habit. 自那以后,它养成了另一种环习惯。They have been friends ever since they were in grade school. 他们从小学起就一直是好朋友。How long have you been here? 你来多久了?We haven"t seen each other for ages. 我们好久没见面了。I’ve finished half so far. 到目前为止我只完成一半。注:非延续性动词不能与表示一般时间的状语连用。如:误:He has died for two years. 他死了两年了。正:He has been dead for two years.正:He died two years ago.误:The film has begun for ten minutes. 电影开演十分钟了。正:The film has been on for ten minutes.正:The film began ten minutes ago.将来完成时:1. 构成will / shall+ have +过去分词。2. 基本用法(1) 表示到将来某个时间已经发生或完成的动作。如:I shall have finished this book next week. 下周我就会读完这本书了。When we get there,she’ll have gone home. 我们到那里时她会回家了。On Monday he’ll have been in Britain for three years. 到星期一,他在英国就满三年了。(2) 有时表示推测。如:They will have arrived there by now. 这时候他们可能已到那儿了。现在完成进行时:1. 构成have / has been + 动词的现在分词。2. 基本用法(1) 表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作,这动作可能仍在进行,也可能已停止。如:The telephone has been ringing continually in the office all morning. 整个早上办公室里的电话铃声不断。Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. 自那时以来,他们一直在设法查明起火的原因。What have you been doing since I last saw you? 自我上次和你见面以后,你在做什么?In the past few years they have been dealing with quite a few international corporations successfully.在过去的几年中他们与好几家跨国公司做生意一直做得很成功。(2) 现在完成进行时有时表示根据直接或间接的证据得出的结论:She is very tired. She’s been typing letters all day. 她很累了,她整天都在打信件。Her eyes are red. She has been crying. 她眼睛红了。她一直在哭。(3) 有时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。如:They have been seeing each other recently. 最近他们常常见面。
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